Olea europaea (Olive Tree)

Olea europaea (Olive Tree) commonly known as the olive tree, is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree that belongs to the Oleaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean region, including parts of Europe, Africa, and Asia. The tree can grow up to 10-15 meters tall and has a wide, gnarled trunk with a twisted and contorted appearance. The tree's leaves are narrow, lanceolate, and leathery, with a grayish-green color on the top and a silvery-white color on the bottom. 

The olive tree is known for its fruit, the olive, which is widely used in cooking and for its oil. The olives are small and oval-shaped, with a hard pit in the center. They can be green or black, depending on the stage of ripeness when harvested. The olives are typically harvested in the fall, and the oil is extracted from them through a process of crushing and pressing. 

Olive trees are known for their resilience and ability to thrive in dry, arid conditions. They have a deep root system that allows them to access water and nutrients from deep within the soil.Olive trees are also long-lived, with some trees known to live for hundreds of years. Because of their beauty and cultural significance, olive trees are often grown as ornamental plants in gardens and parks around the world.