Corylus americana (American Filbert, American Hazelnut, Hazelnut)

Corylus americana (American Filbert, American Hazelnut, Hazelnut) is a deciduous shrub native to eastern North America. It is known for its edible nuts, attractive foliage, and value as wildlife habitat.  

Appearance: American Filbert is a multi-stemmed shrub that typically grows to a height of 6 to 12 feet (1.8 to 3.7 meters) with a similar spread. It has a rounded, bushy growth habit.

Leaves: The leaves are simple, alternate, and broadly oval to heart-shaped, with serrated margins. They are medium green in color during the growing season and may turn yellow to orange in the fall, providing seasonal interest.

Flowers: In late winter to early spring, American Filbert produces inconspicuous, yellowish-green catkins. Male and female catkins are produced on separate plants (dioecious), and pollination is often facilitated by wind.

Fruit: After pollination, the female catkins develop into small, edible nuts enclosed in a husk. These nuts are prized by both wildlife and humans for their sweet, nutty flavor. They are often used in baking and cooking.

Habitat: American Filbert is commonly found in woodlands, forests, and riparian areas in its native range. It provides habitat and food for various wildlife species.

Growth Requirements: This shrub prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It is adaptable to a variety of soil types and moisture conditions.

Cultural Use: American Filbert is valued for its edible nuts, which are often harvested by both people and wildlife. It can also be used in naturalized landscapes and as a windbreak or hedgerow plant.

Maintenance: Pruning can be done to manage the size and shape of the shrub. Proper care helps promote a healthy and productive plant.

Wildlife: American Filbert provides food for a variety of wildlife, including birds, squirrels, and other small mammals. The shrub's dense growth also offers cover and nesting sites for birds.

Cultivars: There are cultivars of American Filbert available that may have improved nut production or other desirable traits. Some of these cultivars are developed for commercial nut production.

American Filbert is appreciated for its edible nuts and its role in providing food and habitat for wildlife. It is a versatile plant that can be a valuable addition to both naturalized landscapes and edible gardens. However, keep in mind that if you wish to harvest the nuts for human consumption, you may need multiple plants to ensure pollination, as American Filbert is dioecious (male and female flowers on separate plants).