Rosa rugosa (Sand Rose, Hedgehog Rose, Wrinkled Rose, Rugosa rose, Japanese rose, Ramanas rose)

Rosa rugosa (Sand Rose, Hedgehog Rose, Wrinkled Rose, Rugosa rose, Japanese rose, or Ramanas rose) is a species of flowering shrub native to eastern Asia. It belongs to the Rosaceae family and is highly valued for its hardiness, attractive flowers, and ornamental hips.

Rosa rugosa is a vigorous, deciduous shrub that can reach a height of 3 to 6 feet (0.9 to 1.8 meters) and has a spreading growth habit. It is characterized by its wrinkled or crinkled foliage, which is dark green and leathery. The leaves are pinnately compound with serrated leaflets.

One of the most beloved features of Rosa rugosa is its profusion of fragrant flowers. The flowers bloom in summer and come in a variety of colors, including shades of white, pink, and purple. They are typically five-petaled and have a simple, open form. The blooms attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.

Following the flowering period, Rosa rugosa develops large, round or oval-shaped hips. These hips are usually bright red or orange-red and are persistent on the shrub well into winter. They are not only visually appealing but also serve as a food source for birds and wildlife.

Rosa rugosa is known for its exceptional tolerance to a wide range of growing conditions. It thrives in sandy or gravelly soils, making it well-suited for coastal areas. It is also highly resistant to salt spray, making it a popular choice for seaside gardens. Additionally, it can tolerate cold climates and is considered one of the most cold-hardy roses available.

Due to its hardiness and adaptability, Rosa rugosa is often used as a hedge or barrier plant. Its dense growth habit and thorny branches make it effective for creating windbreaks or privacy screens. The shrub can also be grown as a standalone specimen or incorporated into mixed borders and cottage gardens.